lectures:gamma_function
Gamma function
$$ \frac{d}{dx}\left(x^n e^{-x}\right)=nx^{n-1} e^{-x}-x^n e^{-x} $$
$$ x^n e^{-x}=\int nx^{n-1} e^{-x}dx-\int x^n e^{-x}dx $$
$$ \left[x^n e^{-x}\right]_{0}^{\infty}=\int_{0}^{\infty} nx^{n-1} e^{-x}dx-\int_{0}^{\infty} x^n e^{-x}dx $$
$$ 0=n\int_{0}^{\infty} x^{n-1} e^{-x}dx-\int_{0}^{\infty} x^n e^{-x}dx $$
$$ \begin{align} \int_{0}^{\infty} x^n e^{-x}dx&=n\int_{0}^{\infty} x^{n-1} e^{-x}dx\\ &=n(n-1)\int_{0}^{\infty} x^{n-2} e^{-x}dx\\ &\vdots\\ &=n(n-1)\cdots 3\cdot 2\int_{0}^{\infty} x e^{-x}dx\\ &=n(n-1)\cdots 3\cdot 2\cdot 1\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-x}dx\\ &=n!\int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-x}dx\\ \end{align} $$ $$ \int_{0}^{\infty} e^{-x}dx=1 $$ $$\int_{0}^{\infty} x^n e^{-x}dx=n!$$ $$\Gamma(z)=\int_{0}^{\infty} x^{z-1} e^{-x}dx$$
lectures/gamma_function.txt · 最終更新: 2022/08/23 13:34 by 127.0.0.1